CBN-V Video Archives - S7-26
Effects of Somaclonal Variation in Cassava Plants Regenerated from Friable Embryogenic Callus of Increasing Age

Schreuder M.M., I.J.Pereira, C.J.J.M. Raemakers, E. Jacobsen and R.G.F. Visser

Graduate School of Experimental Plant Sciences, Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Center, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ, Wageningen, The Netherlands Marianne.Schreuder@pv.dpw.wau.nl

        Friable embryogenic callus (FEC) is a fast growing tissue, originating from one or only a few cells, that is used for genetic modification. However, the induction of FEC is a laborious task with a low efficiency. Furthermore, with time, the regeneration efficiency of FEC declines, and the quality of the regenerated plants decreases. Strong genotypical differences have been observed in the seriousness of the effects of FEC aging. For instance with genotype TMS60444, more than 85 % of the plants regenerated at the (FEC) age of 28 months showed normal morphology; whereas with Adira4, at the age of 11 months all regenerants were abnormal. FEC of R60 never produces plants that are comparable to non-FEC derived plants. Currently plants are grown in the greenhouse to determine the effect of somaclonal variation on the yield, and AFLP analysis are carried out to determine the nature of somaclonal variation. Furthermore, attempts are made to increase the FEC induction efficiency and to produce FEC lines that maintain their regeneration capacity for a longer period of time.

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