S7-06
Induction of High Frequency
Somatic Embryogenesis in Cassava for Cryopreservation
School
of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15
2TT, UK ked054@bham.ac.uk
Methods
for induction of high frequency somatic embryogenesis in cotyledons and
twenty nine clonal accessions of cassava were investigated.
Cotyledons and all accessions from Latin America (CIAT) were
embryogenically competent on 8 mg/l 2,4-D supplemented medium plus 1 µM
copper sulphate, as were eleven out of the 14 accessions from Africa.
Addition of copper sulphate to the induction medium enhanced
primary embryo induction and significantly increased secondary somatic
embryo production. It also
reduced the maturation time of somatic embryos to 25 days from embryo
initiation. The percentage
calli producing somatic embryos ranged from 7.5% in M.Bra 12 to 100% in
M.Col 1505 while embryos produced per callus ranged from 0.3 in M.Bra
383 to 14 in TEK.. High
levels of 2,4-D concentrations were detrimental to embryo production.
Similarly, dark incubated fragmented embryos produced more secondary
embryos compared to light incubation.
The use of somatic embryo micropropagules for germplasm
conservation and synthetic seed development is a strong possibility.
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